Studies have shown that heating and air conditioning in vehicles consume the most energy, so more efficient electric air conditioning systems need to be used to further improve the energy efficiency of electric vehicle systems and optimize vehicle thermal state management strategies. The heating mode of the air-conditioning system has a crucial impact on the mileage of electric vehicles in winter. At present, electric vehicles mainly use PTC heaters as supplements due to the lack of zero-cost engine heat sources. According to different heat transfer objects, PTC heaters can be divided into wind heating (PTC air heater) and water heating (PTC coolant heater), among which the water heating scheme has gradually become the mainstream trend. On the one hand, the water heating scheme has no hidden danger of melting the air duct, on the other hand The solution can be well integrated into the liquid cooling solution of the whole vehicle.
Ai Zhihua's research also mentioned that the heat pump air-conditioning system of pure electric vehicles is mainly composed of electric compressors, external heat exchangers, internal heat exchangers, four-way reversing valves, electronic expansion valves and other components. The performance of the heat pump system may also require the addition of auxiliary components such as receiver dryers and heat exchanger fans. The electric compressor is the power source of the heat pump air conditioner circulating refrigerant medium flow, and its performance directly affects the energy consumption and cooling or heating efficiency of the heat pump air conditioner system.
The swash plate compressor is an axial reciprocating piston compressor. Due to its advantages of low cost and high efficiency, it is widely used in the field of traditional vehicles. For example, cars such as Audi, Jetta and Fukang all use swash plate compressors as Refrigeration compressors for automotive air conditioners.
Like the reciprocating type, the rotary vane compressor mainly relies on the change of the cylinder volume for refrigeration, but its working volume changes not only periodically expands and shrinks, but also its spatial position changes continuously with the rotation of the main shaft. Zhao Baoping also pointed out in the research of Zhao Baoping that the working process of the rotary vane compressor generally only includes three processes of intake, compression, and exhaust, and there is basically no clearance volume, so its volumetric efficiency can reach 80% to 95%. .
The scroll compressor is a new type of compressor, which is mainly suitable for automobile air conditioners. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low noise, small vibration, small mass, and simple structure. It is an advanced compressor. Zhao Baoping also pointed out that scroll compressors have become the best choice for electric compressors in view of the advantages of high efficiency and high compatibility with electric drives.
The electronic expansion valve controller is a part of the entire air-conditioning and refrigeration system. Li Jun mentioned in the research that some domestic electric vehicle manufacturers have increased investment in the research of electronic expansion valve controllers. In addition, some independent institutions and specialized manufacturers have also increased Increased research and development efforts. As a throttling device, the electronic expansion valve can control the temperature and pressure of the circulating refrigerant, ensure that the air conditioner is controlled within a certain range of subcooling or superheating, and create conditions for the phase change of the circulating medium. In addition, auxiliary components such as liquid storage dryer and heat exchanger fan can effectively remove impurities and moisture added to the circulating medium by the pipeline, improve the heat exchange and heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger, and then improve the performance of the heat pump air conditioning system.
As mentioned earlier, in view of the essential difference between new energy vehicles and traditional vehicles, drive powertrains, power batteries, electric components, etc. are added, and drive motors are used instead of internal combustion engines. This has led to a major change in the working method of the water pump, an engine accessory of a traditional car. The electric water pumps of new energy vehicles mostly use electric water pumps instead of traditional mechanical water pumps. Research by Lou Feng and others pointed out that electric water pumps are now mainly used for circulating cooling of driving motors, electric components, power batteries, etc., and can play a role in circulating heating and circulating waterways under working conditions in winter. Lu Mengyao and others also mentioned how to control the temperature of the battery during the operation of new energy vehicles, especially the issue of battery cooling is very important. Appropriate cooling technology can not only improve the efficiency of the power battery, but also reduce the aging speed of the battery and prolong the battery life. battery life
Post time: Jul-07-2023
